Oil gasification burner for ash-free liquid fuel

ABSTRACT

An oil gasification burner for liquid fuel is proposed which comprises, on a centrally arranged pilot burner part, a number of supply elements arranged outside the annular channel concentrically to the burner axis with pressure atomizer nozzles for introduction of liquid fuel. The pressure atomizer nozzles are embodied such that a fine atomization of the liquid fuel occurs before it comes into contact with the rotated oxidation means. Different liquid fuels can be supplied via the individual supply elements. This enables the nozzle parameters to be adapted to the particular conditions (pressure difference, fineness of droplets, spray angle etc.) of the liquid fuel through a choice of replaceable nozzle.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefits of German application No. 10 2007021 927.1 filed May 10, 2007 and is incorporated by reference herein inits entirety.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The subject matter of the application relates to an oil gasificationburner for liquid fuel, a method for operating an oil gasificationburner for liquid fuel and a method for commissioning an oilgasification burner for liquid fuel.

The invention relates to an oil gasification burner with pressureatomizer nozzles for steam-oxygen gasification of ash-free liquid fuelunder high pressures of for example 80 bar (8 MPa) and high temperaturesof for example 1200 to 1900 degrees Celsius in ceramic-lined reactors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Burners are known with a pressure atomizer nozzle for partial oxidationof liquid fuels with a cylindrical water-cooled housing and an internalliquid supply around which a coaxially disposed annular space for thesupply of the oxidation means is arranged.

A separate pilot burner, which initially brings the walling up totemperature and at which the oil burner is later ignited is used for thecommissioning of these burners.

The disadvantages of the known burner are as follows:

A central liquid feed sets the use of the burner to a single fuel.

For commissioning the burner it is necessary to use a further burner asa pilot burner, which is replaced later.

The oil burner is basically not commissioned under pressure in suchcases and in an oxidizing atmosphere and initially has to be slowlytransferred by complicated media adaptation processes to the reducingreactor atmosphere, before the actual gasification process can begin.

If the temperature of the walling drops below the predetermined wallignition temperature after the heating-up process because theinstallation of the oil burner is delayed, the entire pilot lightingprocess must be repeated.

Pat. DD 151020 as well as DD 214911 show such typical solutions.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

The object of the invention is the creation of an oil burner withpressure atomizer nozzles which operates reliably under the conditionsof steam-oxygen gasification of liquid ash-free fuels under pressure.Through constructional measures a burner is to be embodied with pressureatomizer nozzles which compensates for the said disadvantages in thepressurized gasification of liquid ash-free fuel and guarantees safeoperation with even flame generation.

The object is achieved for generic subject matter by the features of theclaims.

Advantageous developments of the subject matter of the application arespecified in the subclaims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject matter of the application is explained in greater detailbelow, to an extent necessary for understanding, on the basis offigures. The figures show:

FIG. 1 a cross-section through an inventive oil gasification burner and

FIG. 2 a longitudinal cross section through an inventive oilgasification burner.

In the figures the same labels refer to the same elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

The inventive burner with pressure atomizer nozzles has a pilot burner 1arranged in its center which is equipped with a combustion gas andoxidation means supply, a flame monitoring device and also electricalhigh-voltage ignition.

Arranged around this module is an annular space 2 for supplying theoxidation means for the actual oil burner. Swirler vanes 3 are providedfor swirling the stream of oxygen at the annular outlet opening of theoxidation means.

Both modules (pilot burner part and oxidation means supply) areintegrated into a further module, the burner mounting 6. The entireburner mounting is designed with a water cooling system in the form of awound tubular pipe to remove the heat acting on this module. In additionthe modules arranged in the center of the burner mounting, the pilotburner part and the further oxidation means supply are equipped withseparate water cooling systems.

Inventively the supply of the liquid fuel is provided so that a number(n=2, 3, . . . ) of straight fuel supply elements 4 are located betweenthe housing wall of the burner mounting and the central oxidation meanssupply. The supply elements are arranged concentrically around thecentral axis of the burner with the same angular offset. With theembodiment shown in FIG. 1 with three atomizing supply elements they arearranged concentrically around the central axis of the burner at anangle of 120 degrees from one another. The supply elements per se aredesigned straight, essentially parallel to the central axis of theburner and end at the burner mouth next to the oxidation means exit inthe form of an oil pressure atomizer nozzle 5.

The special design of the pressure atomizer nozzle produces a fineatomization of the liquid fuel before it comes into contact with theoxidation means. The special pressure atomizer nozzle is connected tothe supply pipe using a screw connection, allowing the nozzle to bereplaced if required. This enables the nozzle parameters to be adaptedto the particular conditions (pressure difference, fineness of droplets,spray angle etc.) of the liquid fuel through a choice of nozzle.

By introducing the liquid fuel in individual pipes with a correspondingnozzle different liquid fuels can be simultaneously supplied via theindividual supplies and converted into a flame reaction.

Designing the oxidation means supply with swirler vanes imparts a strongrotational motion to the oxygen exiting from the supply into which thefinely-atomized steams of liquid exiting via the supply elements aresucked.

At the exit of the media the individual streams merge into a singlerotating liquid-oxygen stream. This achieves an even flame generationand stabilization.

At the same time the flame generation can be influenced in its width andlength by different settings of the swirler vanes.

The commissioning of the oil burner with pressure atomizer nozzles isundertaken by means of the integrated pilot burner under reducingconditions and at operating pressure of the reactor system. The pilotburner is ignited at slight reactor pressure (2-5 bar) and likewiseunder reducing reaction chamber conditions.

The invention comprises an oil burner with injection atomization for thegasification of liquid ash-free fuel under high pressures of for example80 bar (8 MPa) and high temperatures of for example 1200 to 1900 degreesCelsius in ceramic-lined reactors for oxygen gasification, featuring acooled housing (6) for accommodating a centrally arranged pilot burner(1) for commissioning the burner unit with a gas and oxidation meanssupply as well as integrated flame monitoring and high-voltage ignition,an annular channel (2) arranged around this pilot burner (1) forsupplying the oxidation means and straight supply elements forIntroduction of liquid fuel (4), characterized in that a number ofsupply elements (4) are present and these supply elements (4) arestraight per se and end at the exit directly next to the annular channelfor oxidation means supply (2) with a nozzle (5), at the exit of whichswirler devices (3) are present which impart a strong rotationalmovement to the oxidation means stream (2) and thereby through thecorresponding embodiment allow influencing of the flame geometry.

In a further embodiment a number of supply elements are arranged viawhich different liquid fuels can be introduced which end in a commonflame and which are commissioned by means of a pilot burner (1)integrated into the center under reducing conditions and under reactoroperating pressure.

In a further embodiment the invention comprises a method in which thepilot burner (1) integrated into the center is ignited in a reducingreactor atmosphere and with slightly raised system pressure and then, asthe output of the pilot burner is increased the reaction space pressureis raised to the operating pressure necessary for igniting the oilburner.

1.-8. (canceled)
 9. An oil gasification burner for a liquid fuel,comprising: a pilot burner centrally arranged along an axis of theburner; a concentric annular channel that supplies an oxidant; and aplurality of supply elements arranged outside the annular channelconcentric to the burner axis that introduce liquid fuel, wherein theindividual supply elements are arranged straight in the burner, arealigned essentially in parallel to the burner axis, have a pressureatomizer nozzle arranged on the individual supply elements on a sidefacing towards the mouth of the burner, and the individual supplyelements end at the mouth of the burner next to an outlet of theconcentric annular channel oxidant supply.
 10. The oil gasificationburner as claimed in claim 9, wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle isattached via a screw connection to the supply element.
 11. The oilgasification burner as claimed in claim 10, wherein the pressureatomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuel before it comes into contactwith the oxidant.
 12. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim11, wherein the annular channel narrows from the burner entry to theburner mouth.
 13. The oil gasification burner as claimed in claim 12,wherein the annular channel has swirler devices that impart a rotationalmovement to the flow of oxidant.
 14. The oil gasification burner asclaimed in claim 13, wherein different liquid fuels are supplied via theindividual supply elements.
 15. A method for operating an oilgasification burner for liquid fuel, comprising: providing a centrallyarranged pilot burner along an axis of the burner; arrangingconcentrically an annular channel that supplies an oxidant; arranging aplurality of supply elements outside the annular channel concentric tothe burner axis that introduce liquid fuel, wherein the individualsupply elements are arranged straight in the burner, are alignedessentially in parallel to the burner axis, have a pressure atomizernozzle arranged on the individual supply elements on a side facingtowards the mouth of the burner, and the individual supply elements endat the mouth of the burner next to an outlet of the concentric annularchannel oxidant supply; and supplying different liquid fuels to theindividual supply elements.
 16. The method as claimed in claim 15,wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle is attached via a screw connection tothe supply element.
 17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein thepressure atomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuel before it comes intocontact with the oxidant.
 18. The method as claimed in claim 17, whereinthe annular channel narrows from the burner entry to the burner mouth.19. The method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the annular channel hasswirler devices that impart a rotational movement to the flow ofoxidant.
 20. A method for commissioning an oil gasification burner forliquid fuel, comprising: providing a centrally arranged pilot burneralong an axis of the burner; arranging concentrically an annular channelthat supplies an oxidant; arranging a plurality of supply elementsoutside the annular channel concentric to the burner axis that introduceliquid fuel, wherein the individual supply elements are arrangedstraight in the burner, are aligned essentially in parallel to theburner axis, have a pressure atomizer nozzle arranged on the individualsupply elements on a side facing towards the mouth of the burner, andthe individual supply elements end at the mouth of the burner next to anoutlet of the concentric annular channel oxidant supply; supplyingdifferent liquid fuels to the individual supply elements; igniting thecentrally arranged pilot burner in a reducing reactor atmosphere and atslightly increased system pressure; and increasing the reaction spacepressure to the operating pressure required for ignition of the oilburner as the output of the pilot burner is increased.
 21. The method asclaimed in claim 20, wherein a pressure atomizer nozzle is attached viaa screw connection to the supply element.
 22. The method as claimed inclaim 21, wherein the pressure atomizer nozzle atomizes the liquid fuelbefore it comes into contact with the oxidant.
 23. The method as claimedin claim 22, wherein the annular channel narrows from the burner entryto the burner mouth.
 24. The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein theannular channel has swirler devices that impart a rotational movement tothe flow of oxidant.